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The ultimate goal of the procedure is not to overshoot ECV collection more than 15% of total blood volume (TBV). Each type has its own advantage and limitation. The collection, centrifugation, component collection and return occur continuously and simultaneously. In continuous working equipment, two simultaneous phlebotomies are done: One for the collection and other for the return.
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This cycle is repeated till therapeutic dose is attained. One cycle consists of-one ECV whole blood collection in kit bowl, centrifugation of bowl to separate components, collection of required component (platelets) in collection bag and finally return other constituents like red cells, leucocytes and plasma to donor. The Intermittent equipment uses single vein access for both collection and return. Centrifugation apheresis equipments are classified as ‘intermittent and continuous working’. red blood cells, leucocytes and plasma) are returned back to the donor. Platelets) is separated and collected in the collection bag and the other components (e.g. In this method, fixed quantity of blood is collected in a bolus called as Extracorporeal volume (ECV) and the required component (e.g. The most commonly used equipments use the centrifugation principle and also give leucodepleted products. The working principle of apheresis equipment is either by centrifugation (different specific gravity) or by filtration (different size). New researches in red cell cultures and blood substitutes herald new era in blood banking.ĬOMPONENT COLLECTION BY APHERESIS PROCEDUREĪpheresis is a procedure where required single or more than one component is collected, and the rest of blood components are returned back to the donor. PRBCs can be stored for years using cryopreservation techniques. The maintenance of blood inventory forms a major concern of blood banking particularly of rare blood groups routinely and common blood groups during disasters.
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To avoid and reduce such complications, blood products are modified as leukoreduced products, irradiated products, volume reduced products, saline washed products and pathogen inactivated products. Such reactions are usually caused by plasma proteins, leucocytes, red cell antigens, plasma and other pathogens. The blood components being foreign to a patient may produce adverse effects that may range from mild allergic manifestations to fatal reactions. A variety of equipments to maintain suitable ambient conditions during storage and transportation are in vogue. Different components need different storage conditions and temperature requirements for therapeutic efficacy. Each blood component is used for a different indication thus the component separation has maximized the utility of one whole blood unit. The whole blood which is a mixture of cells, colloids and crystalloids can be separated into different blood components namely packed red blood cell (PRBC) concentrate, platelet concentrate, fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate.